In 1982, Alaska became the 50th state to contribute a stone, a solid block of jade worth millions, to this monument.  For ten points, name this marble-clad obelisk (AHB-eh-lisk) topped by eight aircraft warning lights because of its height of 555 feet. 
The WASHINGTON MONUMENT

In the U.S., this term is used interchangeably with "attorney," "counsel," or "lawyer," but in the UK, it properly designates a member of the Bar of Scotland, the Scottish equivalent of an English barrister.  For ten points, what is this word derived from the Latin meaning "to call towards"?
ADVOCATE

Surprisingly, Strom Thurmond is notable for something other than being the oldest man in the Senate.  He also holds the record for the longest use of this strategy, which can be ended only by a cloture.  For ten points, name this strategy whereby a minority can delay a vote on proposed legislation by making long speeches or bringing up irrelevant issues.
FILIBUSTER